Ferrets are small, carnivorous mammals of the family Mustelidae,[1] which also includes otters, badgers, weasels and polecats.[2] Ferrets are highly active predators with long, lithe bodies and typically brown, black, white, or mixed fur. They typically have black spots on their faces and their tails may be black, brown, white, or mixed. Ferrets are sexually dimorphic predators with males being larger than females on average. Juvenile ferrets have brown, black, and white fur, but as they age, their color lightens to pale brown or creamy white. Ferrets can be easily trained to use a litter box, and are often active and playful.[3]
Although the English word “ferret” is derived from the Old French furit or furrett, the ferret is not closely related to either the weasel or the polecat. Rather, it is more closely related to the European polecat,Mustela putorius,[4][5] from which it was likely domesticated by the Romans.[6]
The name “ferret” is derived from the Latin fur, meaning “little thief”, a reference to the common habit of ferrets to pilfer food from the larders of their masters.
Ferrets have a typical Mustelid body shape. They have long bodies and relatively short legs. Their tails vary in length, with some reaching to their ankles while others are just a few inches long. Male ferrets are typically larger than females, measuring up to 18 inches in length from nose to tail and weighing up to 3.5 pounds. Females are typically a bit smaller, measuring up to 16 inches in length and weighing up to 2.5 pounds.
Ferrets are crepuscular, meaning they are most active at dawn and dusk. However, they can be active at any time of day or night depending on the situation. For example, if they are kept in a home with people who are active during the day, the ferrets will likely be active during the day as well. If they are kept in a home with people who are active at night, the ferrets will likely be active at night.
In the wild, ferrets are nocturnal animals. This means they sleep during the day and are active at night. This allows them to avoid predators and take advantage of their prey’s diurnal habits. For example, many rodents are active during the day, so the nocturnal ferret can take advantage of this by hunting them at night.
The vast majority of pet ferrets in the United States are spayed or neutered. This is done for two primary reasons. First, it helps to prevent unwanted litters. Second, it helps to reduce aggression and other undesirable behaviors.
Spaying or neutering also has health benefits for ferrets. For example, it can help to prevent certain types of cancer. It can also help to reduce the risk of other diseases, such as heart disease and kidney disease.
Overall, spaying or neutering your ferret is a good idea. It has benefits for both the ferret and the owner. If you are thinking about getting a ferret, be sure to find a reputable breeder who can provide you with a healthy, well-behaved animal.